People with dualist beliefs less likely to engage in healthy behaviours

Washington: Researchers say dualist beliefs, that is, believing that the brain and the mind are two separate entities, can effect how we think and behave in everyday life. Across five related studies, researchers Matthias Forstmann, Pascal Burgmer, and Thomas Mussweiler of the University of Cologne, Germany, found that people primed with dualist beliefs had more reckless attitudes toward health and exercise, and also preferred (and ate) a less healthy diet than those who were primed with physicalist beliefs. Furthermore, they found that the relationship also worked in the other direction. People who were primed with unhealthy behaviours – such as pictures of unhealthy food – reported a stronger dualistic belief than participants who were primed with healthy behaviours. Overall, the findings from the five studies provide converging evidence demonstrating that mind-body dualism has a noticeable impact on people’s health-related attitudes and behaviours. Specifically, these findings suggested that dualistic beliefs decrease the likelihood of engaging in healthy behaviour. These findings support the researchers’ original hypothesis that the more people perceive their minds and bodies to be distinct entities, the less likely they will be to engage in behaviours that protect their bodies. Bodies are ultimately viewed as a disposable vessel that helps the mind interact with the physical world. Evidence of a bidirectional relationship further suggests that metaphysical beliefs, such as beliefs in mind-body dualism, may serve as cognitive tools for coping with threatening or harmful situations. The fact that the simple priming procedures used in the studies had an immediate impact on health-related attitudes and behaviour suggests that these procedures may eventually have profound implications for real-life problems. Interventions that reduce dualistic beliefs through priming could be one way to help promote healthier – or less self-damaging – behaviours in at-risk populations. The findings appeared in an article forthcoming in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science. ANI