10 Things To Know About Mughal Harems

Zee Media Bureau
Jul 06, 2023

1. Definition

The Mughal harem referred to the private quarters of the Mughal emperors in India, where their wives, concubines, female relatives, and female servants resided.

2. Size and Structure

The Mughal harems were large and lavish, often housing hundreds of women. They were organized hierarchically, with the empress (Mughal emperors' chief wife) at the top, followed by secondary wives, concubines, female relatives, and other female attendants.

3. Purpose

The primary purpose of the Mughal harem was to provide the emperor with legitimate heirs. The emperors often married women from noble families and political alliances were formed through these marriages.

4. Zenana

The innermost part of the harem was known as the zenana, which was strictly off-limits to men other than the emperor. This area housed the most important women, including the empress and favored wives.

5. Women's Education

Contrary to popular belief, the women in the Mughal harems were not confined to ignorance. They were often educated in various subjects, including literature, poetry, music, dance, and art.

6. Female Power and Influence

Women in the Mughal harems held significant power and influence over political affairs. They had access to the emperor and could use their position to sway decisions and promote their own interests.

7. Hierarchy and Rivalries

The hierarchical structure of the harem often led to intense rivalries among the women. They competed for the emperor's favor and the chance to bear him a son, which could secure their position within the harem.

8. Eunuchs

Eunuchs, or castrated men, were employed as guards and administrators of the harem. They ensured the security and privacy of the women and managed the daily affairs of the harem.

9. Purdah

Purdah, the practice of female seclusion, was prevalent in the Mughal harems. Women were expected to remain veiled and secluded from the gaze of men outside the harem.

10. Decline

With the decline of the Mughal Empire in the 18th century, the institution of the harem also declined. The subsequent British colonial rule and changing social norms further eroded the significance and influence of the Mughal harems.

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