Recognized as the first computer programmer, pioneering computer science
Unlocked the secrets of black holes and the universe
Developed vaccination and pasteurization, revolutionizing medicine
Founded the scientific method and shaped Western philosophy
Introduced the concept of evolution through natural selection
Discovered the elements polonium and radium, pioneering radioactivity research
Pioneered astronomy and challenged geocentrism
Revolutionized our understanding of space and time with relativity
Laid the foundation for classical mechanics and universal gravitation