Commonly found across Europe, the Mediterranean Basin, and much of Asia.
Typically measuring about 16 cm (6.3 inches) in length and weighing between 24 to 39.5 grams.
Females and juveniles exhibit pale brown and grey plumage, while males display more vibrant black, white, and brown markings.
House sparrows generally have a lifespan of under 10 years, with an average of around 4 to 5 years, particularly in urban environments.
Highly social birds that often form nesting colonies.
Primarily feed on grains, seeds, and livestock feed.
Breeding pairs typically raise multiple broods per year, aiming for around two to three.