Did our Sun steal 'Planet 9' 4.5 billion years ago?

Image courtesy: Lund University

London: Planet 9 has been one of the biggest mysteries in astronomy. Now, astronomers at Lund University in Sweden show that it is highly likely that the so-called Planet 9 is an exoplanet.

Their computer-simulated study suggests that our sun, in its youth some 4.5 billion years ago, stole Planet 9 from its original star.

This would make it the first exoplanet to be discovered inside our own solar system.

An exoplanet is by definition a planet located outside our solar system. Now it appears that this definition is no longer viable.

According to astronomers, there is a lot to indicate that Planet 9 was captured by the young sun and has been a part of our solar system completely undetected ever since.

"It is almost ironic that while astronomers often find exoplanets hundreds of light years away in other solar systems, there's probably one hiding in our own backyard", said Alexander Mustill, astronomer at Lund University.

Stars are born in clusters and often pass by one another.

It is during these encounters that a star can "steal" one or more planets in orbit around another star.

This is probably what happened when our own sun captured Planet 9.

In a computer-simulated model, Mustill together with astronomers in Lund and Bordeaux showed that Planet 9 was probably captured by the Sun when coming in close contact while orbiting another star.

Planet 9 may very well have been "shoved" by other planets and when it ended up in an orbit that was too wide around its own star, our Sun may have taken the opportunity to steal and capture Planet 9 from its original star.

"When the sun later departed from the stellar cluster in which it was born, Planet 9 was stuck in an orbit around the Sun," Mustill explained.

There is still no image of Planet 9, not even a point of light. It is now known if it is made up of rock, ice, or gas.

"All we know is that its mass is probably around 10 times the mass of earth," Mustill added.

If the theory is correct, Mustill believes that the study of space and the understanding of the sun and the Earth will take a giant leap forward.

"This is the only exoplanet that we, realistically, would be able to reach using a space probe," he noted.

It may be noted that a team of US researchers predicted the existence of a mysterious ninth planet in our solar system at the start of this year.

The predicted planet would be a super-Earth, with an estimated mass of 10 Earths (approximately 5,000 times the mass of Pluto), a diameter two to four times that of Earth, and a highly elliptical orbit with an orbital period of approximately 15,000 years.

The study has been published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters.

(With agency inputs)