Ankara: Turkey said on Wednesday it had identified the gunman behind the New Year's massacre on an elite Istanbul nightclub that killed 39, as President Recep Tayyip Erdogan warned the attack aimed to polarise Turkish society.


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The assailant stormed the glamorous Reina nightclub on the Bosphorus early on Sunday morning, spraying 120 bullets at terrified partygoers celebrating the start of 2017.


Of the 39 dead, 27 were foreigners including citizens from Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Tunisia and Morocco.


At least 36 people have now been detained in the probe, but the gunman himself remains on the run after slipping into the night following the attack.


"The identity of the person responsible for the attack has been established," Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu said during an interview with state-run Anadolu news agency, without giving any name.


The attack was claimed by the Islamic State (IS) jihadist group, with reports suggesting the authorities suspect the gunman may be from either Kyrgyzstan or Uzbekistan, both ex-Soviet states.


"Efforts to capture him continue," said Cavusoglu, adding that the house the suspect lived in "has been searched" and the attack he mounted had been "professionally" planned.


IS took responsibility for the massacre in a statement on Monday, marking the first time it has issued a clear and undisputed claim for a major attack inside Turkey.


Hitting a nightclub on New Year's night, the attack struck at the heart of secular Turkey, with analysts saying IS clearly sought to widen splits in Turkish society.


In his first spoken comments on the attack, Erdogan said the aim was "to create a fissure and polarise society".


He insisted Turkey would resist efforts to divide the country, vowing Turks would "stand tall and keep our sangfroid."


"No-one's lifestyle in Turkey is under a systematic threat. We would never let this happen. In 14 years in power, we have never given this a chance," Erdogan said in a speech at the presidential palace in Ankara.


IS said the attack was a response to Turkey's military intervention against the jihadists in war-ravaged Syria where Turkish troops are pressing a four-month incursion to oust jihadists from the border area.


Since the lightning advance into northern Syria in August, removing IS elements from the Turkish border, Ankara has faced a tougher fight to capture the town of Al Bab from IS.


But Erdogan insisted the operation would continue and Turkey would clear areas wherever "terrorist organisations" are.


"The operation in Syria's Al Bab will be finished in a short time, God willing," he said.


Almost forty Turkish soldiers have been killed in the operation and today, Dogan news agency reported one soldier was killed and four were injured in an IS attack in Al Bab.


In the western city of Izmir, at least 20 people including 11 women were taken into custody as part of the investigation into the attack, Anadolu reported.