Rare Unpublished Photographs From India's Freedom Struggle

The Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the First War of Independence, marked the beginning of the organized resistance against British rule. Though it was eventually suppressed, it sparked nationalistic sentiments across the country. 

The Indian National Congress (INC) was established to create a platform for political dialogue and reform. Initially, it focused on moderate demands but later became the principal leader of the freedom movement. 

The British government's decision to partition Bengal on communal lines fueled widespread protests. This led to the Swadeshi Movement, advocating the boycott of British goods and the promotion of Indian-made products.

Mahatma Gandhi emerged as a leader of the freedom struggle, advocating non-violent resistance. The Non-Cooperation Movement saw massive participation, with Indians refusing to cooperate with the British administration. 

The Salt March of 1930, led by Gandhi, marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement. It involved the deliberate and peaceful violation of British laws, particularly the salt tax, to demand independence. 

Launched by the INC under Gandhi's leadership, the Quit India Movement called for the immediate end of British rule. It led to widespread protests, strikes, and civil disobedience, although it was met with severe repression by the British. 

Subhas Chandra Bose formed the Indian National Army (INA) and sought to overthrow British rule through armed struggle. His efforts, though militarily unsuccessful, inspired many and heightened the demand for independence. 

After years of struggle and negotiations, India gained independence on August 15, 1947. However, this was accompanied by the partition of India, creating Pakistan and leading to widespread communal violence and displacement.