New strain of Covid-19 detected in France: More infectious than Omicron? All we know about about IHU variant

A yet-to-be peer-reviewed study revealed that IHU has 46 mutations. Around 12 cases have been identified so far near France`s Marseille, with the first linked to travel to the African country Cameroon

New Delhi: Even as the world's witnessing a rapid surge in highly mutated Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2, another new variant has come to light. Now, a new strain of the COVID-19 causing virus in Southern France have been identified by the scientists. Known as 'IHU', the B.1.640.2 variant has been reported by researchers at institute IHU Mediterranee Infection in at least 12 cases, and has been linked to travel to African country Cameroon. However, the researchers noted that it is too early to speculate on how this variant behaves as far as infection and protection from vaccines is concerned.

The yet-to-be peer-reviewed study, posted on the preprint repository MedRxiv on December 29, revealed that IHU has 46 mutations and 37 deletions resulting in 30 amino acid substitutions and 12 deletions. Amino acids are molecules that combine to form proteins, and both are the building blocks of life. Fourteen amino acid substitutions, including N501Y and E484K, and nine deletions are located in the spike protein. Most currently used vaccines are targeted at the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2, which the virus uses to enter and infect the cells. N501Y and E484K mutations were earlier also found in Beta, Gamma, Theta and Omicron variants.

"The mutation set and phylogenetic position of the genomes obtained here indicate based on our previous definition a new variant we named IHU," the authors of the study said.
"These data are another example of the unpredictability of the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, and of their introduction in a given geographical area from abroad," they added.

The B.1.640.2 has not been identified in other countries so far or labelled a variant under investigation by the World Health Organization (WHO).

According to the researchers, the index (first) case was an adult diagnosed positive by RTPCR performed in a laboratory on a nasopharyngeal sample collected in mid-November last year. Epidemiologist Eric Feigl-Ding posted a long Twitter thread in which he said that new variants keep emerging but it does not necessarily mean they will be more dangerous. "What makes a variant more well-known and dangerous is its ability to multiply because of the number of mutations it has in relation to the original virus," Feigl-Ding tweeted on Tuesday. "This is when it becomes a "variant of concern" - like Omicron, which is more contagious and more past immunity evasive. It remains to be seen in which category this new variant will fall," he said.

Many countries are currently experiencing a spike in COVID-19 cases driven by the Omicron variant which was first identified in South Africa and Botswana in November last year. Since then, the variant of concern has spread to over 100 countries. In India, a total of 1,892 cases of Omicron variant have been detected across 23 states and Union Territories so far. 

Here's what we know about IHU vaiant in a nutshell:

• Researchers say that it contains 46 mutations. This is even more than Omicron, which can make it infectious and more resistant to vaccines. However, it's yet to be studied.
• Around 12 cases have been identified so far near Marseille, with the first linked to travel to the African country Cameroon.
• 14 amino acid substitutions, including N501Y and E484K, and nine deletions are located in the spike protein.N501Y and E484K mutations were earlier also found in Beta, Gamma, Theta and Omicron variants.
• So far, it hasn't been spotted in any other country and hasn't been labelled a variant under investigation by the World Health Organization.

(With PTI inputs)